...033tlangnp1036 Cea mai simpla monozaharida este aldehida glicolica, care este o aldodioza. Tetrozele nu se gasesc in natura. Pentozele sunt foarte raspandite in natura arabinoza, xiloza, riboza cat si hexozele glucoza, galactoza, fructoza, sorboza.tpar ttab tpar Stpard tqc tli0tri0tidctlpartnooverflotfaromantrin0tlin0titap
0 Itfs24tlang1036tlangfe1033tlangnp1036 ttab SItbtfs24tultlang1036tlangfe1033tlangnp1036 MONOZAHARIDE MAI IMPORTANTEtpar Stpard tqj tli0tri0tidctlpartnooverflotfaromantrin0tlin0titap
0 Itbtfs24tultlang1036tlangfe1033tlangnp1036 tpar Stpard tqc tli0tri0tidctlpartnooverflotfaromantrin0tlin0titap
0 Itbtitfs24tultlang1036tlangfe1033tlangnp1036 PENTOZEtpar SItfs24tlang1036tlangfe1033tlangnp1036 tpar Stpard tqj tli0tri0tidctlpartnooverflotfaromantrin0tlin0titap
0 Itfs24tlang1036tlangfe1033tlangnp1036 ttab Dintre cele opt aldo-pentoze, numai patru se gasesc in natura, iar dintre ceto-pentoze, numai doua. Pentozele se caracterizeaza prin formare de furfurol, la incalzire cu acizi minerali diluati.tpar tpar ttab SItbtfs24tlang1036tlangfe1033tlangnp1036 XILOZA SItfs24tlang1036tlangfe1033tlangnp1036 - este mult raspandita in natura, ca o componenta a gumelor vegetale si sub forma de SItitfs24tlang1036tlangfe1033tlangnp1036 xilanSItfs24tlang1036tlangfe1033tlangnp1036 , o polizaharida ce insoteste celuloza in lemn si constituie o parte din asa-numita heiceluloza. Xilanul se mai gaseste in diverse materiale lignificate ca paie, coceni de porumb, coji de seminte de bumbac si de floarea-soarelui. Din aceste materiale, de exemplu din coceni de porumb, se poate obtine xiloza prin hidroliza cu acizi diluati din solutia rezultata se indeparteaza glucoza prin fermentare, iar xiloza cristalizeaza la concentrare. Xiloza, ca si celelate pentoze, nu este fermentata de drojdia obisnuita, dar varietatile Torula si Monilia cresc bine pe solutiile rezultate de la hidroliza paielor, a cocenilor si a stufului.tpar tpar SItbtfs24tlang1036tlangfe1033tlangnp1036 ARABINOZA SItfs24tlang1036tlangfe1033tlangnp1036 -SItbtfs24tlang1036tlangfe1033tlangnp1036 SItfs24tlang1036tlangfe1033tlangnp1036 este mult raspandita in vegetale, unde apare sub forma unei polizaharide numita SItitfs24tlang1036tlangfe1033tlangnp1036 arabanSItfs24tlang1036tlangfe1033tlangnp1036 , precum si ca o componenta a gumelor si mucilagiilor vegetale si a hemicelulozei. De asemenea a fost gasita si in glicozide si in dizaharide. Se obtine prin hidroliza, din guma de cires sau din sfecla, dupa extragerea zaharului.tpar tpar Stpard tqc tli0tri0tidctlpartnooverflotfaromantrin0tlin0titap
0 Itfs24 tpar SItfs24tultlang1036tlangfe1033tlangnp1036 Sfecla de zaharSItfs24tlang1036tlangfe1033tlangnp1036 tpar Stpard tqj tli0tri0tidctlpartnooverflotfaromantrin0tlin0titap
0 Itfs24tlang1036tlangfe1033tlangnp1036 tpar ttab SItbtfs24tlang1036tlangfe1033tlangnp1036 RIBOZA SItfs24tlang1036tlangfe1033tlangnp1036 - este un compus de cea mai mare importanta biologica, fiindca este alaturi de dezoxi-riboza, o componenta esentiala a acizilor nucleici si apare in orice celula vie. In acizii nucleici, D-riboza este continuta in forma furanozica, legata glicozidic de anumiti derivati ai pirimidinei si purinei si de acid fosforic. Se obtine din acizii nucleici, prin hidroliza cu acizi diluati.tpar tpar Stpard tqc tli0tri0tidctlpartnooverflotfaromantrin0tlin0titap
0 Itfs24tlang1036tlangfe1033tlangnp1036 ttab SItbtfs24tultlang1036tlangfe1033tlangnp1036 HEXOZESItfs24tlang1036tlangfe1033tlangnp1036 tpar tpar Stpard tql tli0tri0tidctlpartnooverflotfaromantrin0tlin0titap
0 Itfs24tlang1036tlangfe1033tlangnp1036 ttab Principalii reprezentanti ai clasei sunt glucoza, manoza, galactoza, fructoza, care sunt si cele mai raspandite monozaharide. Ele se gasesc in natura libere, sub forma de glicozide, de oligozaharide si de polizaharide. Cele patru monozaharide naturale fermenteaza sub actiunea drojdiei de bere. Zaharoza este formata din glucoza si fructoza.tpar Stpard tqc tli0tri0tidctlpartnooverflotfaromantrin0tlin0titap
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tpiccropt0tpiccropb0tpic8266tpich4960tpicgoal4686tp
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