...ediaadvertising influences. The folloing general categories of difference beteen standard American English SAE and standard British English SBE each have their on sociolectic value I. Different Pronunciation, although same spelling Advertisement advert, ad Controversy, Laboratory, Secretary Leisure, schedule, dance, dynasty Renaissance, oregano, clerk ibank, offices, ate PC-influence examples harass, harassment, Uranus, etc. II. Different Spelling, although same pronunciationColour color, Centre center Cheque check noun form ibanks verb to check the same Defence defense noun form, Licence noun form license Alright all right Manoeuvre maneuver tyre tire Ageing aging hisky hiskey U.S. Ireland Gaol jail III. Same Term, different but similar spelling and pronunciationAluminium aluminum Polythene polyethylene Maths math shortening of mathematics Rise raise more money in salary, ages IV. Same ords, Different or Additional Meanings in One VarietyPavement GB Sidealk US Pavement US Road GB I married a homely girl. The opening of our ne play as a bomb! Nigel and Trevor purchased 7-day Travelcard season tickets. Evelyn took a coin out of ihishers purse GBmale, coin purse USfemale, handbag The committee tabled the motion put it on the table. e all had tea and biscuits. cf Harry Potter, crumpets vs English muffins The corn harvest as exceptional this year. cf. maize, seetcorn e needed a torch for the dark trail. cf. flashlight, electric torch, flaming torch IBM made over a billion dollars last year. cf thousand million changing GB standards Trousers GB Pants US Pants US underear GB Jumper GB Seater US Jumper US pinafore idresss GB Shorts US underear GB Vest US underear GB Pekka as climbing in the lime tree lehmus, cf linden, bassood, common lime V. Grammar, Syntax, Punctuation, General Usage Punctuation Business letter salutations, colons vs commas Date riting, numberord order Never use only numbers! Use of commas and periods inside quotation marks Capitalization of titles of articles, essays Grammar U.S. Finnair has a flight to London today.G.B. Finnair hashave a flight to London today. large collective nouns U.S. England has ... played ell today, even if it lost.G.B. England have played ell today, even if they lost. G.B. The Government are acting like themselves again. G.B. Have you got your grade in history yetU.S. Have you gotten your grade in history yet G.B. He ent on a course. Ho many ere on the courseU.S. He as in a course. Ho many ere in the course G.B. e lived in the High Street. cf street people ...U.S. e lived on Main Street on plus article plus HighMain G.B. Hes in hospital ith a broken leg.U.S. Hes in the hospital ith a broken leg. G.B. I have got a car. vs. U.S. I have a car. I got a car. different implications G.B. e erent able to catch him upU.S. e erent able to catch him, catch up ith him, catch up iith hims. One as different fromthan the other. VI. Divergence and OverlapTo post vs to mail a letter an art gallery vs an art museum Autumn vs fall tap vs faucet, Luggage vs baggage, shop vs store, etc. VII. Same Concept, Different Terms or Expressions orSame ord, Differences in Style, Connotation and FrequencyHire a car rent a car hire-purchase vs installment plan Petrol gasoline Saloon sedan, Estate car station agon Boot trunk storage area silencer muffler to reduce exhaust noise Bonnet hood Dynamo generator Gear lever shift Seet dessert Red hortleberries lingonberries Fortnight to eeks Goods train freight train Barrister, Solicitor layer, attorney-at-la VIII. Inventiveness Spinoffs Combinations Brand Names Hamburger cheeseburger, beefburger, fishburger, lobsterburger .. Hotel, Motel, floatel, boatel Hardare, softare, firmare, shareare, freeare, vaporare, treeare .. Suburb, exurb, cyburb, technoburb citizen, netizen Smog, Litterbug, pleather fabric, cosmeceuticals, pharming, transgenetic cf GM foods Sexploitation, cityscape, zeroscaping xeric plants a spin doctor political aide, hat as the spin on that story Half and half A six-pack of PBR tallboys... cf. short dogs Lets go and visit the Colonel .... Roz, on Frasier Im going to climb into a hot tub ith my good friends Ben and Jerry IX. Euphemistic ReferencesSenior citizen, emeritus professor Sanitary engineer, environmental technician janitor Security officer, hair stylist, household manager Poder room, ladies lounge motion discomfort bag Pre-oned car, Culturally-deprived area The loved one... cf death and funeral jargon generally Air support missions, ordnance delivery, pacify an area cf military generally To deselect, dehire employees to donsize, right-size the company an involuntary conversion of our 727 equipment plane crash X. Equality VocabularyFireman firefighter, Policeman police officer Mailman mail carrier, Salesman sales person Manmade artificial, synthetic, manufactured Maid house cleaner. Steardess flight attendant Chairman chairperson, Chair, presiding officer XI. Politically Correct Terminology Elderly or old people vs senior citizens seniors older adults, adults 55 older Differently-abled or physically-challenged vs handicapped Animal companion vs pet, Native American vs Indian People of Color vs blacks or any non-hites Canola vs rapeseed International ildlife Conservation Park former Bronx Zoo - zoo connotations XII. Black English specific terminology in cultural contextEverybody look don at they feet I aint afraid of nuthin You ugly, man I the baddest cat around He be good. Boy, Nigger, Soul food, Honkie, rapping, gig, cool! XIII. Yiddish InfluenceSchlock, Goy, Schlemiel, schlep, chutzpa, nebbish, shtik He should live so long! I should have such luck! Hes complaining yet! This I need All right already. Fat-shmat, so long as shes happy. Smart, hes not... XIV. Other Ethnic Influences Abound...Gay liberation movement drag, closet, fairy, fruitcake, to out - he as outed Organized crime, crime syndicate vs Mafia Chicano vs hispanic culture vs etbacks, etc... XV. Jargon Professional influences, Media conveyance...Computer ASCII text, fonts, justified margins, a indoed environment, mouse-compatible, on-line access, uploaddonload, e-mail flaming... Drugs Cocaine coke, leaf, sno, angel dust crack, valise, kilos, brick, trips Social Position Yuppie, Buppie, Puppie, Dinks, oofs ... Business Poer breakfast, Valium picnic, arm fuzzies, Youthisms dork, nerd, geek, deeb psyched, pumped, barf... Technology and Media in Culture technocrat, technopeasant, techno-potato, tech-nomads digerati, virtual corporation, telecommuting, edutainment, terrestrial TV vs satellite ibroadcasting tos narrocasting, ihumans multitasking XVI. Regional and Class Terminological StereotypingThe South vs California bourbon and branch, blues, banjos, Billy Bob, Bubba baptists good ole boys, ice tea, grits red-eye pecan pie Aesome, mondo, tubular Rhonda, Kim, Tracy, Kelli iValley Girlss Terms for general, unknon, anonymous or stereotypical persons Uncle Sam U.S. vs John Bull U.K. ...
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