...ed the only direct surface approach to the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics USSR. At present it forms the esternmost part of the 8,000-km 5,000-mi seaay leading from Murmansk in Europe to Vladivostok on the Pacific Ocean.Kara Sea, southern arm of the Arctic Ocean, along the northern coast of Russia, situated beteen the islands of Novaya Zemlya, Severnaya Zemlya, and the northestern coast of Siberia in Russia. It has an area of 777,000 sq km 300,000 sq mi. Ice-locked for most of the year, the sea is usually a navigable fishing ground during August and September and is an outlet for the Yenisey, Pyasina, Taymyr, and Ob rivers. The chief ports of the Kara Sea are Dikson and Tambey. The Northern Sea Route, maintained for shipping year round, passes through the Kara Sea. The route also passes through the Kassk Strait Proliv Karskiye Vorota, hich connects the Kara Sea ith the Pechorsk Sea Pechorskoye More, and the Vilkitsk Strait Proliv Vilkitskogo, hich connects the Kara Sea ith the Laptev Sea More Laptevykh. The Matochkin Strait Proliv Matochkin Shar, dividing Novaya Zemlya, connects the Kara Sea ith the Barents Sea.Laptev Sea Russian More Laptevykh, part of the Arctic Ocean, off the northern coast of Siberia Russia. The Taymyr Peninsula is to the est, and the Ne Siberian Islands Russian Novosibirskiye Ostrova are to the east. The sea is frozen for much of the year. Tiksi, near the mouth of the Lena River, is the chief port. The Laptev Sea is named for the 18th-century Russian cousins Khariton and Dmitri Laptev, ho explored and mapped its shoresBeaufort Sea, arm of the Arctic Ocean, bordered on the east and south by Canada, and on the southest by Alaska. In the north it extends from Point Barro, Alaska, to the Canadian Archipelago. The sea occupies an area of 450,000 sq km 170,000 sq mi. The average depth is 1,000 m 3,300 ft and the maximum depth is 4,682 m 15,361 ft. The coastal aters of the Beaufort Sea are shallo, generally measuring less than 50 m 160 ft. Most of the sea is permanently covered by the polar ice pack, hich is often more than 5 m 15 ft thick, although ice along the shores melts during the summer. The Mackenzie River, one of the longest rivers in North America, flos into the sea near the ton of Inuvik.Approximately 10,000 people live along the coast of the Beaufort Sea almost all are Inupiat in Alaska and Inuvialuit in Canada. Alaskan communities along the sea include Barro, the largest, as ell as Nuiqsut and Kaktovik Canadian communities include Inuvik, Tuktoyaktuk, Aklavik, Sachs Harbour, Paulatuk, and Holman. ildlife in the region includes musk ox, caribou, reindeer, herring, salmon, seabirds, and bohead and beluga hales.Offshore drilling for oil and gas is possible in the shallo coastline aters of the Beaufort Sea, especially in the Canadian section, hich has an extensive continental shelf. Sparked by high oil prices in the 1970s, oil companies drilled hundreds of ells in the sea and discovered significant deposits of oil and gas. Hoever, further development has been prevented by loer oil prices, the high cost of production and shipping to southern markets, and a land claim settlement in 1984 beteen the Inuvialuit and the Canadian government. Oil ells near Prudhoe Bay an arm of the Beaufort Sea began operating in 1977, sending oil through the Trans-Alaska Pipeline to the ice-free port of Valdez in southern Alaska these ells continue to operate.The sea as named for British naval officer Sir Francis Beaufort, ho supported explorations in the area during the 19th century. Later in the century haling became an important industry in the region. Herschel Island, located off the coast of the Yukon Territory, served as a intering station for U.S. haling ships. Commercial haling generally ceased by the early 20th century, although the indigenous peoples, ho had assisted the halers, continued to harvest marine life for local use. During an expedition into the Canadian Arctic 1913-1918, Canadian-born American explorer Vilhjalmur Stefansson first crossed the ice and explored the Beaufort Sea..GQn5CJCJ!EFGnoaanoaa à!iiNormalmH4a4Heading 1aiCJAiDefault Paragraph FontaTitlea5CJ0BaBody TextCJCaBody Text IndentCJ.Pa.Body Text 2CJaaaa8aBaaaàaagoS 0S!068flqiHNYirIàGMaiLQqy2acjsSPopa2CtINDOStTEMPtA
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