...e. In the mid-1960s, under the direction of producers such as Duke Reid and Coxsone Dodd, Jamaican musicians dramatically sloed the tempo of ska, hose energetic rhythms reflected the optimism that had heralded HYPERLINK ebgateayggtypearticlesviedocsnamecore127866s4.htm
lscrollsmarker54516.toc Jamaicas independence from Britain in 1962. The musical style that resulted, rock steady, as short-lived but brought fame to such performers as the Heptones and Alton Ellis. Reggae evolved from these roots and bore the eight of increasingly politicized lyrics that addressed social and economic injustice. Among those ho pioneered the ne reggae sound, ith its faster beat driven by the bass, ere HYPERLINK ebgateayggtypearticlesviedocsnamecore102288s1.htm
l Toots and the Maytals, ho had their first major hit ith 54-46 Thats My Number 1968, and the HYPERLINK ebgateayggtypenavsindexnavsnameindex634133.html to Vie Related Topics ailersBunny ailer, HYPERLINK ebgateayggtypearticlesviedocsnamecore102294s1.htm
l Peter Tosh, and reggaes biggest star, HYPERLINK ebgateayggtypenavsindexnavsnameindex365877.html to Vie Related Topics Bob Marleyho recorded hits at Dodds HYPERLINK ebgateayggtypearticlesviedocsnamecore130564s1.htm
l Studio One and later orked ith producer HYPERLINK ebgateayggtypearticlesviedocsnamecore119016s1.htm
l Lee Scratch Perry. Another reggae superstar, HYPERLINK ebgateayggtypearticlesviedocsnamecore128715s1.htm
l Jimmy Cliff, gained international fame as the star of the movie HYPERLINK ebgateayggtypenavsindexnavsnameindex255041.html to Vie Related Topics The Harder They Come 1972. A major cultural force in the orldide spread of reggae, this Jamaican-made film documented ho the music became a voice for the poor and dispossessed. Its soundtrack as a celebration of the defiant human spirit that refuses to be suppressed. During this period of reggaes development, a connection gre beteen the music and the HYPERLINK ebgateayggtypenavsindexnavsnameindex491801.html to Vie Related Topics Rastafarian movement, hich encourages the relocation of the African diaspora to Africa, deifies the Ethiopian emperor HYPERLINK ebgateayggtypearticlesviedocsnamecore039605s1.htm
l Haile Selassie I hose precoronation name as Ras iPrinces Tafari, and endorses the sacramental use of HYPERLINK ebgateayggtypenavsindexnavsnameindex232454.html to Vie Related Topics ganja HYPERLINK ebgateayggtypenavsindexnavsnameindex365182.html to Vie Related Topics marijuana. Rastafari Rastafarianism advocates equal rights and justice and dras on the mystical consciousness of kumina, an earlier Jamaican religious tradition that ritualized communication ith ancestors. Besides Marley and the ailers, groups ho popularized the fusion of Rastafari and reggae ere Big Youth, Black Uhuru, Burning Spear principally inston Rodney, and Culture. Lovers rock, a style of reggae that celebrated erotic love, became popular through the orks of artists such as Dennis Bron, Gregory Issacs, and Britains Maxi Priest. In the 1970s reggae, like ska before it, spread to the United Kingdom, here a mixture of Jamaican immigrants and native-born Britons forged a reggae movement that produced artists such as Asad, Steel Pulse, UB40, and performance poet Linton Kesi Johnson. Reggae as embraced in the United States largely through the ork of Marleyboth directly and indirectly as a result of HYPERLINK ebgateayggtypearticlesviedocsnamecore098005s1.htm
l Eric Claptons popular cover version of Marleys I Shot the Sheriff in 1974. Marleys career illustrates the ay reggae as repackaged to suit a rock market hose patrons had used marijuana and ere curious about the music that sanctified it. Fusion ith other genres as an inevitable consequence of the musics globalization and incorporation into the multinational entertainment industry. The HYPERLINK ebgateayggtypenavsindexnavsnameindex150832.html to Vie Related Topics dancehall deejays of the 1980s and 90s ho refined the practice of toasting rapping over instrumental tracks ere heirs to reggaes politicization of music. These deejays influenced the emergence of HYPERLINK ebgateayggtypearticlesviedocsnamecore128675s1.htm
l hip-hop music in the United States and extended the market for reggae into the HYPERLINK ebgateayggtypenavsindexnavsnameindex067474.html to Vie Related Topics African-American community. At the end of the 20th century, reggae remained one of the eapons of choice for the urban poor, hose lyrical gun, in the ords of performer Shabba Ranks, earned them a measure of respectability.9hijmn8lsBCJOJaQJaaJph333yaajFBCJOJ
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